****************************************************************************************************************

*************************************Replication do file for**************************************************** 
***********************************Knutsen, Carl Henrik (2011).************************************************* 
************************Democracy, Dictatorship and the Protection of Property Rights.**************************
******************************Journal of Development Studies 30(1): 164-182.************************************

****************************************************************************************************************


* IMPORTANT NOTE 1: The analysis was conducted in STATA11. Unfortunately, the results for the "preliminary analysis" 
* are not perfectly replicated when using later versions of STATA (and the version # command does not generate the 
*same results either; one must use the STATA11 software). More specifically, this concerns the results for random and 
* fixed effects models using the "robust" option for the errors. The t-values are generally quite a lot weaker when using 
* the robust option e.g. in STATA12, but the coefficient estimates are the same. Further, the results from the robust error 
* regressions in STATA11 more closely resemble results from regressions with common errors in STATA12. Hence, I 
* provide additional results in the do file using common errors, where this problem occurs.
* This turns out to be a known problem, probably stemming from a bug in STATA11, see e.g.: 
* http://www.stata.com/statalist/archive/2009-08/msg00928.html 

* IMPORTANT NOTE 2: The PRS Group, from which I have purchased the ICRG Researcher's Dataset, does not allow me to post their
* data in original form online. This implies that the law and order and investment profile indices are not part of the public
* replication dataset. However, the main measure employed in the article ICRGPROP, and other transformed indices used for 
* robustness tests are. As a consequence, most models in the paper can be replicated using the publicly available dataset,
* but a few models -- such as those in columns 5 & 6 in Table 3, p. 178, unfortunately cannot. 

*clear

sort code year
xtset code year
set more off

**Generating the main property rights index (referred to as 'ICRGPROP' in paper)

*generate ICRGrulelaw2 = ICRGrulelaw*2
*generate ICRGpropind = ICRGInvest + ICRGrulelaw2

**Generating alternative property rights indices used for robustness testing
*generate ICRGX =ICRGrulelaw+ICRGInvest
*generate ICRGY = 0.5*ICRGrulelaw+ICRGInvest
*generate ICRGZ =4*ICRGrulelaw+ICRGInvest

**Extract component from principal component analysis on the law and order and investment profile indices
*pca ICRGInvest ICRGrulelaw, factors(1) mineigen(1.0)
*predict PrcompICRG
*generate lead2PecompICRG = PrcompICRG[_n+2]

keep code year ICRGpropind ICRGX ICRGY ICRGZ wgirulelaw PrcompICRG notinreversewave AREG AggregFHI logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi Politynonanarchyetc logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP



* Generate lags for instruments
by code, sort: generate WAVElag10 = notinreversewave[_n-10]
by code, sort: generate politylag10 = Politynonanarchyetc[_n-10]
by code, sort: generate politylag15 = Politynonanarchyetc[_n-15]

**generate leads for dependent variables
by code, sort: generate lead1ICRGpropind = ICRGpropind[_n+1]
by code, sort: generate lead2ICRGpropind = ICRGpropind[_n+2]
by code, sort: generate lead3ICRGpropind = ICRGpropind[_n+3]
by code, sort: generate lead4ICRGpropind = ICRGpropind[_n+4]
by code, sort: generate lead5ICRGpropind = ICRGpropind[_n+5]

*generate lead2ICRGrulelaw = ICRGrulelaw[_n+2]
*generate lead2ICRGinvest = ICRGInvest[_n+2]
by code, sort: generate lead2wgirulelaw = wgirulelaw[_n+2]
by code, sort: generate lead2ICRGX = ICRGX[_n+2]
by code, sort: generate lead2ICRGY = ICRGY[_n+2]
by code, sort: generate lead2ICRGZ = ICRGZ[_n+2]
by code, sort: generate lead2PecompICRG = PrcompICRG[_n+2]

sort code year


*Descriptive statistics on page 172
xtsum ICRGpropind
xtsum wgirulelaw
xtsum Politynonanarchy if year>1984
xtsum Politynonanarchy ICRGpropind
correlate ICRGpropind wgirulelaw

********************************
* Preliminary analysis, p. 173 *
******************************** 
xtpcse lead2ICRGpropind Politynonanarchyetc logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, correlation(psar1) rhotype(tscorr) pairwise
estimates store pre1
xtreg lead2ICRGpropind Politynonanarchyetc logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, re robust
estimates store pre2
xtreg lead2ICRGpropind Politynonanarchyetc logdurpl1  britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, fe robust
estimates store pre3
estout  pre1 pre2 pre3, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

**Analysis without robust errors, see note 1 above
xtreg lead2ICRGpropind Politynonanarchyetc logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, re
estimates store pre2a
xtreg lead2ICRGpropind Politynonanarchyetc logdurpl1  britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, fe
estimates store pre3a
estout  pre1 pre2a pre3a, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

* Tests of exogeneity of FE models (Davidson-McKinnon), p.173
ssc install  dmexogxt
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
dmexogxt
**F-test, FE2sls model p.173
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 logWDIpop logGDPPPP  britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe

******************************************************
******************************************************
******************** MAIN ANALYSIS********************
******************************************************
******************************************************

******************************************
******************************************
***********Table 1 and Table 2.***********
******************************************
******************************************

*First (Table 1) and second stage (Table 2) results (2SLS); 
*Polity index as regressand and ICRGPROP as dependent variable, p. 175. 
*NB: Table 1 will not appear in estout.
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store RE, title (RE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store FE, title (FE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store REtimedummies, title (RE with time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store FEtimedummies, title (FE with time dummies)
estout  RE FE REtimedummies FEtimedummies, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

****************************************************************************
***************Testing the appropriateness of the model specification*******
****************************************************************************

**Weak instrument tests (p.174)
xtivreg2 lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first ffirst
estimates store FE, title (FE without time dummies)
xtivreg2 lead2ICRGpropind  logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first ffirst
estimates store FEtimedummies, title (FE with time dummies)

****Testing exclusion restriction with WAVE as regressor in ``second-stage" regressions (p.174)
xtpcse lead2ICRGpropind notinreversewave Politynonanarchyetc logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, correlation(psar1) rhotype(tscorr) pairwise
estimates store u
xtpcse lead2ICRGpropind notinreversewave logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi Politynonanarchyetc britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, correlation(psar1) rhotype(tscorr) pairwise
estimates store v
xtreg lead2ICRGpropind notinreversewave Politynonanarchyetc logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, re robust
estimates store w
xtreg lead2ICRGpropind notinreversewave logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi Politynonanarchyetc britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, re robust
estimates store x
xtreg lead2ICRGpropind notinreversewave Politynonanarchyetc logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, fe robust
estimates store y
xtreg lead2ICRGpropind notinreversewave logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi Politynonanarchyetc britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP, fe robust
estimates store z
estout  u v w x y z, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (* 0.10 ** 0.05 *** 0.01) stats (N) style (fixed)

*****Overidentification tests for models including 10-year lagged WAVE as instrument
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 logWDIpop logGDPPPP britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave WAVElag10), re
xtoverid
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo logWDIpop logGDPPPP britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave  WAVElag10), re
xtoverid
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave WAVElag10), fe
xtoverid
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave WAVElag10), fe
xtoverid

*****Overidentification tests for models including lagged Polity as IV, based on Helliwell 1994
*10 year lag
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 logWDIpop logGDPPPP britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave politylag10), re
xtoverid
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo logWDIpop logGDPPPP britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave politylag10), re
xtoverid
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave politylag10), fe
xtoverid
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave politylag10), fe
xtoverid
*15 year lag (footnote 13)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 logWDIpop logGDPPPP britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave politylag15), re
xtoverid
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo logWDIpop logGDPPPP britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave politylag15), re
xtoverid
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave politylag15), fe
xtoverid
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave politylag15), fe
xtoverid

**********************************************************************************************
***********************************Robustness tests*******************************************
**********************************************************************************************

************************************************************
* Excl. Eastern Eur and Soviet countries, (and other regions) *
************************************************************

*Excl. Eastern Europe and ex-Soviet countries
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if eaesoviet==0, re first
estimates store RE, title (RE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if eaesoviet==0, fe first
estimates store FE, title (FE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if eaesoviet==0, re first
estimates store REtimedummies, title (RE with time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if eaesoviet==0, fe first
estimates store FEtimedummies, title (FE with time dummies)
estout  RE FE REtimedummies FEtimedummies, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

**Excl. Sub-Saharan Africa
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if africa==0, re first
estimates store RE, title (RE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if africa==0, fe first
estimates store FE, title (FE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if africa==0, re first
estimates store REtimedummies, title (RE with time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam eaesoviet asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if africa==0, fe first
estimates store FEtimedummies, title (FE with time dummies)
estout  RE FE REtimedummies FEtimedummies, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

**Excl. Latin America
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet asia africa pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if latam==0, re first
estimates store RE, title (RE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet asia africa pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if latam==0, fe first
estimates store FE, title (FE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet asia africa pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if latam==0, re first
estimates store REtimedummies, title (RE with time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam eaesoviet asia africa pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if latam==0, fe first
estimates store FEtimedummies, title (FE with time dummies)
estout  RE FE REtimedummies FEtimedummies, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

**Excl. Asia
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet latam africa pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if asia==0, re first
estimates store RE, title (RE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet latam africa pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if asia==0, fe first
estimates store FE, title (FE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet latam africa pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if asia==0, re first
estimates store REtimedummies, title (RE with time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam eaesoviet latam africa pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if asia==0, fe first
estimates store FEtimedummies, title (FE with time dummies)
estout  RE FE REtimedummies FEtimedummies, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

**Excl. Middle East and North Africa
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet latam africa pacific asia logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if mideanafr==0, re first
estimates store RE, title (RE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet latam africa pacific asia logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if mideanafr==0, fe first
estimates store FE, title (FE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig eaesoviet latam africa pacific asia logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if mideanafr==0, re first
estimates store REtimedummies, title (RE with time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam eaesoviet latam africa pacific asia logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if mideanafr==0, fe first
estimates store FEtimedummies, title (FE with time dummies)
estout  RE FE REtimedummies FEtimedummies, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)


**********************************
* Different lag structures, p. 177
**********************************

**1-year
xtivreg lead1ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store a
xtivreg lead1ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store b
xtivreg lead1ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store c
xtivreg lead1ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

*3-year
xtivreg lead3ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store a
xtivreg lead3ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store b
xtivreg lead3ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store c
xtivreg lead3ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

*4-year
xtivreg lead4ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store a
xtivreg lead4ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store b
xtivreg lead4ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store c
xtivreg lead4ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

*5-year
xtivreg lead5ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store a
xtivreg lead5ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store b
xtivreg lead5ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store c
xtivreg lead5ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

* ******************************************************************************************
** Third type of robustness checks: Different dependent variable specifications, p. 177-178*
********************************************************************************************

* LO as dependent variable, p. 178 (cannot run due to data omitted from replication dataset, see note 2 at top of this file)
*xtivreg lead2ICRGrulelaw logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
*xtivreg lead2ICRGrulelaw logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
*estimates store c
*xtivreg lead2ICRGrulelaw logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
*xtivreg lead2ICRGrulelaw logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe

* IP as dependent variable, p. 178 (cannot run due to data omitted from replication dataset, see note 2 at top of this file)
*xtivreg lead2ICRGinvest logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
*xtivreg lead2ICRGinvest logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
*estimates store d
*xtivreg lead2ICRGinvest logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
*xtivreg lead2ICRGinvest logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe

* Give different weights to LO and IPI in adjusted ICRGPROP indices, p. 178 (see lines 40--42 for weighting of the three different indices=
xtivreg lead2ICRGX logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
estimates store a
xtivreg lead2ICRGX logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
estimates store b
xtivreg lead2ICRGX logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
estimates store c
xtivreg lead2ICRGX logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

xtivreg lead2ICRGY logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
estimates store a
xtivreg lead2ICRGY logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
estimates store b
xtivreg lead2ICRGY logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
estimates store c
xtivreg lead2ICRGY logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

xtivreg lead2ICRGZ logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
estimates store a
xtivreg lead2ICRGZ logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
estimates store b
xtivreg lead2ICRGZ logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
estimates store c
xtivreg lead2ICRGZ logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

***Run regressions on component extracted from principal component analysis of IPI and LO indices (see line 44-47)
xtivreg lead2PecompICRG logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
estimates store a
xtivreg lead2PecompICRG logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
estimates store b
xtivreg lead2PecompICRG logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re
estimates store c
xtivreg lead2PecompICRG logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

******************************************************************
** Substituting ICRGPROP with Rule of Law index from WGI, p. 178**
******************************************************************

xtivreg lead2wgirulelaw britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store a
xtivreg lead2wgirulelaw britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig  africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store b
xtivreg lead2wgirulelaw  eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store c
xtivreg lead2wgirulelaw  eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

**Testing the WGI RLI models, but restricting sample to those having data on ICRGPROP (original sample)
xtivreg lead2wgirulelaw britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave)if ICRGprop!=., re first
estimates store a
xtivreg lead2wgirulelaw britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig  africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave)if ICRGprop!=., fe first
estimates store b
xtivreg lead2wgirulelaw  eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave)if ICRGprop!=., re first
estimates store c
xtivreg lead2wgirulelaw  eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam eaesoviet pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave)if ICRGprop!=., fe first
estimates store d
estout  a b c d, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)


*****************************************************************************
**********Testing alternative regime measures, footnote 14*******************
*****************************************************************************

***ACLP dichotomous regime measure (AREG); notice that 1 designates dictatorship and 0 designates democracy
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (AREG = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store RE, title (RE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (AREG = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store FE, title (FE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (AREG = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store REtimedummies, title (RE with time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (AREG = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store FEtimedummies, title (FE with time dummies)
estout  RE FE REtimedummies FEtimedummies, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)

***Freedom House Index; average of Freedom House's Political Rights and Civil Liberties indices. Notice that high values means more autocratic
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (AggregFHI = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store RE, title (RE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (AggregFHI = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store FE, title (FE without time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (AggregFHI = notinreversewave), re first
estimates store REtimedummies, title (RE with time dummies)
xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 eifo eifi eisi eise eiei eini nin ninone ninwo nifo nithre nifi nisi nise niei nini zero one two thre fo fi britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium italian islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig westeurnam africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (AggregFHI = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store FEtimedummies, title (FE with time dummies)
estout  RE FE REtimedummies FEtimedummies, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (^ 0.10 * 0.05 ** 0.01 *** 0.001) stats (N) style (fixed)



************************************************************************************************************
************************************************************************************************************
*************** TABLE 3: Selected robustness checks, 2SLS-models (second stage) ****************************
************************************************************************************************************
************************************************************************************************************

xtivreg lead2ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave) if eaesoviet==0, fe first
estimates store rob1
xtivreg lead1ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific eaesoviet mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store rob2
xtivreg lead3ICRGpropind logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific eaesoviet mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store rob3
**xtivreg lead2ICRGrulelaw logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific eaesoviet mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
*estimates store rob4
**xtivreg lead2ICRGinvest logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific eaesoviet mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
*estimates store rob5
xtivreg lead2ICRGX logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific eaesoviet mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store rob6
xtivreg lead2wgirulelaw logdurpl1 britishameric french spanish portugese netherl belgium islamsunni islamshia romcath protestanglicmethod orthodoxarm hindu budhistkonftaoshinto indig africa asia latam pacific eaesoviet mideanafr logWDIpop logGDPPPP (Politynonanarchyetc = notinreversewave), fe first
estimates store rob7
*estout rob1 rob2 rob3 rob4 rob5 rob6 rob7, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (* 0.10 ** 0.05 *** 0.01) stats (N) style (fixed)

*********This is the version of Table 3 excluding the analysis drawing directly on the original ICRG Dataset (see note 2 above), thus excluding the 4th and 5th models that use, respectively, LO and IPI as dependent variables
estout rob1 rob2 rob3 rob6 rob7, cells(b(star fmt(%9.3f)) t(par fmt(%9.2f))) starlevels (* 0.10 ** 0.05 *** 0.01) stats (N) style (fixed)

*
**
*** End of do file
**
*